NOMIC Ramp · nomicramp.com · [email protected]
For users of Threat and Error Management
The thinking is the same; some words are gentler, so observers record what they see without judging it and crews keep trusting the programme. The management terms are kept, because the industry knows them.
| TEM and LOSA | NOMIC Ramp |
|---|---|
| Threat | The same, plus enablers |
| Error, violation | Variation: where work as done differs from work as imagined, with its purpose if visible |
| Undesired aircraft state | Undesired state |
| Managed, mismanaged, unmanaged | The same |
| Countermeasures | Good practice: Plan, Coordinate, Adapt, Learn |
The person who runs the loading at the aircraft has many names: leading hand in Australia and New Zealand, crew chief or lead in North America, team leader in parts of Europe. NOMIC Ramp uses IATA's term, loading supervisor.
Public sources
- International Civil Aviation Organization. Line Operations Safety Audit (LOSA). ICAO Doc 9803.
- Federal Aviation Administration. Line Operations Safety Audits. Advisory Circular 120-90.
- Klinect, J. R., Murray, P., Merritt, A. and Helmreich, R. L. (2003). Line Operations Safety Audit (LOSA): definition and operating characteristics. Proceedings of the 12th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology.
- Helmreich, R. L., Klinect, J. R. and Wilhelm, J. A. (1999). Models of threat, error, and CRM in flight operations. Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology.
- FAA research on Ramp LOSA for ground handling
- Hollnagel, E. Safety-I and Safety-II (2014)